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Abd-Allah ibn Ubayy ((アラビア語:عبد الله بن أبي بن سلول), died 631), also called ibn Salul in reference to his mother, was a chief of the Arab tribe Banu Khazraj and one of the leading men of Medina (then known as Yathrib). Upon the arrival of Muhammad, Ibn Ubayy became a Muslim, though the sincerity of that conversion is disputed. Because of repeated conflicts with Muhammad, Islamic tradition has labelled him a ''Munafiq'' (hypocrite) and "leader of the Munafiqun".〔William Montgomery Watt, "`Abd Allah b. Ubayy", ''Encyclopaedia of Islam''〕 ==Position in Medina== Ibn Ubayy was one of the chiefs of the Khazraj, who at his time were in conflict with the other major Arab tribe of the city, the Banu Aws. During the ''fidjar'', the so-called "sacrilegious war", Ibn Ubayy had led parts of the Khazraj tribe on the first day of fighting, but held aloof on the second day. Neither did he participate in the Battle of Bu'ath, due to a quarrel with another leader over the execution of Jewish hostages.〔〔John Bagot Glubb, ''The Life and Times of Muhammad'' (2002), p. 142〕 It appears that at one point during this conflict, his life was saved by his Jewish allies from the tribe of Banu Qaynuqa, as he would later exclaim: "300 soldiers armed in mail, and 400 unequipped, -- they defended me on the fields of Hadaick and Boath from every foe."〔〔Glubb (2002), p. 197f.〕 Ibn Ubayy "used every effort to end the fratricidal strife" 〔 and achieved a partial reconciliation between the two factions, which both recognized the leadership of Ibn Ubayy.〔Glubb (2002), p. 161, 164f.〕 He occupied a high status in pre-Islamic Medinan society, and his supporters aimed for him to become "king". This aim was not realized, however, due to the arrival of Muhammad in 622:〔〔Maxime Rodinson, ''Muhammad: Prophet of Islam'' (2002), p. 156〕 since the tribal conflict was never completely resolved, some citizens looked towards another arbitrator and called in Muhammad, whose preaching had made him famous beyond his home town of Makkah.〔 The arrival of a man who claimed to speak in the name of God eclipsed Ibn Ubayy's influence. This provoked his jealousy, which he was careful to conceal, but was mitigated by his moderation and peacefulness. Ibn Ubayy nonetheless remained a well-respected man.〔 According to Ibn Ishaq, Ibn Ubayy was "a man of great authority in Medina before the advent of the apostle" and "remained a continuing thorn in the flesh of his success." 〔Ibn Ishaq, ''(The earliest biography of Muhammad )´''〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Abd-Allah ibn Ubayy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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